Biotin: Also known as vitamin B7, promotes healthy hair, skin, and nails
Applying vitamin C to your skin may reduce hyperpigmentation by interfering with an enzyme called tyrosinase, which is responsible for the production of melanin, a natural skin pigment ( Moreover, vitamin C acts as a brightening agent and can reduce the appearance of darkened spots without changing the natural color of your skin ( Some human studies that combine topical vitamin C with iontophoresis an electrical gradient applied to the skin found significant reductions in hyperpigmentation ( Though this method is promising, iontophoresis increases vitamin C absorption into your skin, meaning that topical application of vitamin C alone may not yield the same results ( Furthermore, most related studies use vitamin C in combination with other anti-hyperpigmentation ingredients like alpha-hydroxy acids, making it hard to determine the specific effects of the vitamin
Lots of drugs or strategies have been developed and applied on clinical trial ( Table 3 ), such as DMARDs, biologic agents, TCM, cell transfer, gene therapy, vaccine and nano drug delivery system, to treat RA with both advantages and shortcomings
Epithalon was created to provide a standardized, synthetic version of epithalamin
We further explore the translational potential of microbiota-targeted therapies, including probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, dietary interventions, and small-molecule modulators
